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Marcus Chowbay October 20, 2009 Block 7/8 Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis and cell respiration are interdependent cycles that are essential for all life. Photosynthesis is the process in which autotrophs (plants) change sunlight into useable chemical energy for heterotrophs (consumers). Cell respiration is the process where chemical energy is released and partially captured as ATP. These cycles are dependent on each other because photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen which is need for cell respiration, and cell respiration produces carbon dioxide, which is needed for photosynthesis. The oxygen we breathe is produced from photosynthesis and without these processes we would perish. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast of the plant cell only and light energy from the sun is captured and changed into useable energy. This process uses the equation 6CO2 + 6H2O à C6 H12 O6 + O2. This means that plants take in carbon dioxide and water and use it to produce glucose and oxygen. There are two stages in photosynthesis; the light reactions and the Calvin Cycle. First, the light is absorbed in the light dependent part of the cycle. Then, the plant turns that energy into useable ATP and then goes through the Calvin Cycle. The ATP loses a phosphate group that is combined with the carbon dioxide to produce sugar. There is now an ADP molecule left that goes back and combines with water in the light reactions part of the cycle. It then forms an ATP molecule again and keeps going through the cycle. The thylakoid part of the chloroplast is disk structures that contain photosynthetic pigments. The stroma is the gel like material surrounding the thylakoid. This process is very important to life because it produces oxygen which we need to breathe and glucose that is needed to sustain food chains and also the carbon cycle. The glucose produced provides energy for whatever consumes it and these producers are the base for all ecosystems. Without photosynthesis of plants, all life would die out because there would be no way for us to receive oxygen. This process is essential to sustain life on Earth. Cell respiration takes place in the mitochondria and cytoplasm of both plant and animal cells. This process uses the equation C6 H12 O6 + O2 à 6CO2 + 6H2O, the exact opposite of photosynthesis. This represents the glucose and oxygen being used to produce carbon dioxide and water. There are three stages of cell respiration; glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and electron transport chain (ETC). There are also two types of cell respiration; aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce energy but anaerobic does not. Anaerobic respiration uses fermentation, releasing energy without oxygen, in the process called glycolysis. In glycolysis, the ATP are broken down into pyruvic acid and then broken down into lactic acid. This takes place in the cytoplasm and is the first part of the cycle. Aerobic takes place in the mitochondria and is the second two parts of the cycle. The chemical energy from photosynthesis is used to create kinetic energy and mechanical energy, and also produce carbon dioxide. Most of the energy produced in cell respiration is released as heat energy. This process is important to life because it provides most of the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis and also provides energy. Humans are creating an imbalance in ecosystems worldwide and this has a big effect on photosynthesis and cell respiration. Humans are driving cars everyday and working in factories that is giving off carbon dioxide but not producing any oxygen in return to balance out the cycle. If there is a high increase in carbon dioxide but not the same amount in oxygen, then the cycles won’t be performed together and will not balance out. This can be a major problem and we don’t want to mess up the cycle that provides oxygen for us and allows us to live.

Stephanie Lane CP Biology October of some day //__ Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration __// Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are important to everything living. Photosynthesis is when plants change sunlight into a usable form of energy. Cellular respiration is a process in which cells capture chemical energy through ATP.Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast while cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria.

When the sunlight in photosynthesis is absorbed into the thylakoid water is split and oxygen diffuses out the cell membrane, ATP is then produced. Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis. This reaction stores energy as glucose. Sugar is used as a fuel source by plant cells. During the process of Aerobic Cellular Respiration, glucose is broken down using oxygen. This reaction releases energy which is used to create ATP molecules, the energy carrier molecule of cells. The process also releases Carbon Dioxide. The equation for photosynthesis is CO2 + H2O C6h1206+02 and the reactants for this equation are CO2 and H20. The products are C6H1206+02. Most of this takes place in the cell membrane, chloroplast and mitochondria. Photosynthesis is only in plants!

Cell Respiration is like photosynthesis making energy. Unlike photosynthesis cell respiration takes place in plant and animal cells, in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Compared to the two cycles in photosynthesis area, cell respiration has three cycles instead. Glycolysis, being one of the cycles, is where 2 ATP molecules are made from the breaking down of a glucose molecule. The Krebs Cycle 2 ATP molecules are made. Electron Transport Chain or ETC 32 ATP molecules are created. cell respiration creates 36 molecules of ATP for energy that it will use. Most of the energy is stored into the cells but some is used for heat and other things. The chemical equation for cell respiration is C6 H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O. The reactants are glucose and oxygen and the products are carbon dioxide and water.

Cell respiration and photosynthesis work together to keep everything living, they have many similarities and differences but they help everything live.

Alyssa Thomas Block 7/8 10/20/09

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration can be very alike and different. To begin, the reactants of photosynthesis are glucose and oxygen, and the products are carbon dioxide and water. The process occurs in the chloroplasts of a cell and is always in a plant. The process produces oxygen for all living things to breathe otherwise most everything would die. The two steps to photosynthesis go in order from the light reaction to the Calvin cycle. The light reaction changes light energy to chemical energy, and the Calvin cycle changes CO2 and energy from ATP into sugar.
 * Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration **

The reactants of cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen, and the products are carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. This process occurs only in animals. It’s important to life because it produces carbon dioxide plants need to survive. If plants don’t live, we don’t live either because we don’t get the oxygen that comes from them. The three steps of cellular respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. In the process of cellular respiration, pyruvic acid molecules are turned completely into CO2 then in glycolysis, a total of four molecules of ATP are produced, but two are used up in other steps in the process. Additional ATP is produced during the Krebs cycle and the Electron Transport Chain, resulting in a grand total of 40 ATP. The overall reaction for cellular respiration is **C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O.**

All of these steps for cellular respiration and photosynthesis are very important for our earth. Humans largely affect worldwide ecosystems from pollution, land development, illegal hunting, and many other ways. These things could eliminate a lot of plants or animals both of which these processes occur. If something happened to one of them, the other wouldn’t work. Plants need the carbon dioxide and animals need oxygen. Without one another this planet wouldn’t survive.

Steven Lo   Photosynthesis and cell respiration Photosynthesis and cell respiration are both alike in many ways. They both are required for living organisms to survive. Photosynthesis and cell respiration are interdependent on each other and also help benefit the community. They are interdependent because they both depend on the gasses needed from each other. Photosynthesis is the process of how autotrophs feed. Photo has the definition of light, and synthesis is defined as put together. Combine the words, and you get photosynthesis. For autotrophs to begin this process, they need the gasses CO2 and H2O. As for cell respiration, the following gasses required are oxygen (O2). Concluding with an interdependent relationship. Both processes help the environment prosper. Photosynthesis and cell respiration are similar and different in many ways. Photosynthesis is the process of which autotrophs feed. The needed gasses are CO2, H2O and light energy. The products of photosynthesis are oxygen and sugars. The reactants are sunlight, and carbon dioxide. The chloroplasts are located in the chlorophyll; which this is the organelle that performs the process of photosynthesis. In one cell, there can be one to several thousand chloroplasts inside working for the cell. The chlorophyll has the pigment that absorbs certain wavelengths of light and reflects others, making this light dependent. The thylakoid is a disk shaped structure containing the photosynthetic pigments. The stroma is the gel like material that surrounds the thylakoid. It absorbs violet, blue, and reflects green. These are the colored wavelengths that provide energy for photosynthesis to occur. There are two different stages of photosynthesis. The equation for photosynthesis is CO2+H2O, which equals C6H12O6+6O2. This is the sugar (glucose) that is needed for the plant to grow. As this occurs, the O2 or oxygen is released into the air because the chloroplasts absorb the hydrogen inside the water obtained; and spits out the oxygen. This later leads to supporting cell respiration. Without this step, heterotrophs wouldn’t be alive at this moment. The process also engages the Calvin Cycle. This cycle is the process of which ATP is used as CH2O (sugar). ADP, together with free phosphate, can form ATP, which is the molecule that the cell uses as its source of energy. This is the process of which photosynthesis happens. Photosynthesis is an important role in life because it supplies the oxygen needed to breathe. Cell respiration is the process of which the chemical energy is made into an energy efficient source. The Organisms that use this process are all heterotrophs. This is important to life because it is the way organisms create energy. The products of cell respiration are carbon dioxide and Glucose. Glucose is then transformed into the energy supply called ATP. The reason to that is because ATP is a quick transferring energy. This can be used for quick energy; instead of energy needed for storing in a long period of time. ATP molecules are needed constantly to supply energy to the living organism. The reactants of cell respiration are oxygen, and glucose. There are three stages of cell respiration. These stages are located in the cytoplasm and the mitochondria. The first stage in cellular respiration is glycolysis. This process needs two ATP in order to begin the process. Glycolysis takes the glucose molecules and breaks it down into Pyruvic acids and four molecules of ATP energy. The second stage is the Krebs cycle and the third is the called the electron transport. The second process produces two ATP and is located in the mitochondria. The third process is the electron transport which creates 32 ATP in total. These are all categorized as the aerobic respiration. This is the process of which cell respiration occurs. Humans are creating an imbalanced ecosystem worldwide and it is affecting cell respiration and photosynthesis in many ways. With humans cutting down trees, just this factor could destroy the entire cycles. Because photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interdependent, this will affect both cycles. With trees growing by the less, this will reduce the oxygen levels in the air. Heterotrophic organisms need this gas in order to breathe. Without oxygen, every heterotrophic organism will die; and if the organisms die, autotrophs are in deep trouble. Without carbon dioxide leaving organisms, autotrophs will be destroyed. This will highly impact the photosynthesis cycle because the reactants of photosynthesis include carbon dioxide. With the cycles destroyed, there would be no heterotrophic and autotrophic life on this earth. This is how an imbalance in the ecosystems worldwide could be affected.