Group+5

​   Anthony Baros  October 20, 2009 **__ Compare/Contrast essay __** Photosynthesis is a way plant cells get nutrients. Cell respiration is the opposite but they still have similarities. Some of the comparisons are that the products and the reactants are similar. The equation for photosynthesis is water + carbon dioxide à sugar + oxygen. Now the equation for cell respiration is sugar + oxygen à water + carbon dioxide. The equations are not completely similar but they are still the same four things. These are also similar because in one way or another they are always in cells. The main location is the chloroplast this all takes place in the chloroplast. This is important to life because they both keep up a plants life. But some of the differences are that all of the products are different. But together they make the equations themselves. All of the energy used is the ATP and the ADP. But The ATP is used in respiration. ADP is used in photosynthesis. Getting things they need is also different in photosynthesis it needs water and carbon dioxide but in respiration it needs oxygen and sugar and those are some of the differences in cell respiration and photosynthesis. you need to use all of the words in the word bank ​ make sure that you include everything and explain. If you can be more in depth. i think you could add a lot more! maybe a better introduction and use all the words too!

Valentine Truong October 20, 2009 Block 7/8 Cp Biology

Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration

Although photosynthesis and cell respiration require energy, they don’t use energy the same way. Photosynthesis makes energy for other organisms from the sun and the anatomy of chloroplasts. While cell respiration is a chemical energy in food molecules and the energy is being released and then formed into an ATP molecule. Photosynthesis and cell respiration is the process that makes food for other living organisms and is useful for everyday life. If photosynthesis and cellular respiration didn’t exist, then plant, animal, and human life wouldn’t be able to survive. Photosynthesis and cell respiration are very analogous and dissimilar in many ways. Photosynthesis is considered the process in which autotrophs (plants) change sunlight into a usable form of energy. This process is important to life because the process produces the oxygen that people breathe in. The word photo=light and synthesis=put together. Photosynthesis needs sunlight to produce energy for organisms and useful for everyday life. The organisms this takes place in are plant cells. Photosynthesis uses a molecule called pigments and a pigment absorbs a certain wavelength of light and reflects others. A pigment that absorbs blue and red and reflects green light is called chlorophyll. A pigment that also reflects orange light is called a carotene. Carotene makes carrots because carrots are orange and they reflect orange light. Chlorophyll is located in the chloroplast and chloroplasts are the organelle that performs photosynthesis. Chlorophyll also absorbs violet, blue, and red light which are the wavelengths that provide energy for photosynthesis. Another interesting thing about chlorophyll is it also reflects green light. Photosynthesis also needs the chloroplasts to produce energy. Chloroplasts are found in several thousand cells. Photosynthesis makes energy and the location where photosynthesis takes place is the chloroplast. The chloroplasts are organelle that performs photosynthesis and the function of chloroplast is they make sugar, something also known as glucose. Chloroplast uses something called thylakoids and thylakoids are disk shaped structures containing photosynthetic pigments. Chloroplasts also contain stroma. The Stroma is a gel like material that surrounds the thylakoids and stroma is the aqueous space. The equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO2+6H20  C6H12O6 +6O2 (Carbon dioxide + water  Glucose + Oxygen). The reactants go into the material and the reactants for this equation are carbon dioxide and water. The products are the materials that go out of the materials and the products for this equation are glucose and oxygen. Reactants and products are import​ant because what’s produced in our body would be used as heat energy in plant cells. This equation also causes chemical reactions to rearrange atoms. The energy stored in glucose can be used later to produce an ATP molecule. ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and an ATP is energy. There are 2 stages for photosynthesis. The two stages are light reaction and the Calvin cycle. The first stage is light reaction and it is where light is absorbed in the thylakoids, water is being split, oxygen diffuses out of the cell, and ATP is produced. The Calvin cycle is where sugar is produced, ATP and carbon dioxide are used, and there is glucose for every 6 carbon. What happens to the sugar produced from photosynthesis? Plants use some of it for growth, cellulose, starch, and animals (heterotrophs) eat plants to get energy or it would be stored in their bodies as glycogen. Cellular respiration is a chemical energy in food molecules and the chemical energy is being released and then formed into an ATP molecule. The 1st stage in cellular respiration is gylcoysis which occurs in the cytoplasm. Glycolysis requires 2 ATP molecules to start the process and then 1 glucose molecule is broken down into 2 pyruvic acid and 4 molecules of ATP energy. This stage does not require energy. From glycolysis, cells can proceed in two directions depending on whether or not oxygen is needed or not. Gycolysis and fermentation could perform without oxygen and the Krebs cycle and E.T.C (electron transport chain) performs with oxygen. Fermentation is the process that releases energy form food without oxygen. The 2nd stage is the Krebs cycle and it produces 2 ATP. The 3rd stage is the E.T.C which produces 32 ATP in the mitochondria. In cellular respiration the aerobic yields a total of 36 ATP molecules which includes 2 ATP from glycolysis, 2 ATP from the Krebs cycle, 32 ATP from the E.T.C. Cellular respiration makes more energy than the gas that is in people’s care and it is 25% efficient. The energy flow of cellular respiration is from the glycolysis to the Krebs cycle and then to the E.T.C. If there is no oxygen available for cell respiration then it would use anaerobic respiration. Glycolysis only leads to fermentation. There are 2 types of fermentation and the first one is alcoholic fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation is examples of bread, wine, and bear. Pyruvic acid is alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy. Carbon dioxide comes from animals. The second type of fermentation is lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation is where during rapid exercise, there isn’t enough oxygen for aerobic respiration. Lactic acid fermentation is a short term for extra energy. The result for fermentation is energy yield is only for 2 ATP molecules if you are doing glycolysis over and over again. The Krebs cycle and the E.T.C are not in the results of fermentation. The equation for cellular respiration is: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6C2O + 6H2O (Glucose + oxygen  Carbon dioxide + water). The equation for cellular respiration is the opposite from photosynthesis. The reactant for cell respiration is glucose and oxygen and the products are carbon dioxide and water. The products and reactants are important because what we produced from our bodies will be used as heat energy. The location in which cell respiration in found in is the mitochondria and cytoplasm. The organism this takes place in is animals and plants cell. This process is important to life because it completes the circle of life and it creates CO2 and energy. Also in cellular respiration, the 3 stages, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and E.T.C changes energy form from chemical energy to kinetic energy. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are comparable in some ways because they have the same products such as carbon dioxide, water, oxygen, and glucose, but the products and reactants are used in different ways. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration also include ATP, but they use the ATP in different ways. Cells need a constant supply of energy (ATP) so they get it from photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Cells also make ATP quickly by using the energy in glucose. Another thing that photosynthesis and cellular respiration have in common is that that both make energy (but in different ways) and they are useful for everyday life and organisms. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are similar and different in many ways. Even though they have different functions, they are very important to everyday life and for living organisms. If photosynthesis and cellular respiration didn’t exist, then we wouldn,t be here today. Also, plant and animals wouldn’t exist too. Shane Calhoun Per.7/8 10/20/09

=__Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration__= There are many difference between Photosynthesis (Autotroph) and cellular respiration (Heterotroph). Photosynthesis happens in the cells Chloroplast, while cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria. The reactants of photosynthesis is 6CO2+6H2O and the product is C6H12O6+6O2. But in Cellular Respiration reactants is C6H12O6+6O2 and their products 6CO2+6H2O. The energy flow of photosynthesis is from light energy to chemical energy and the energy flow of cellular respiration is from chemical energy to mechanical energy.

The process of photosynthesis is it first takes 6CO2+6H2O (reactants) and turns it into C6H12O6+6O2 (product). Photosynthesis happens inside the Chloroplast, which is the only organism used. This process is important because it starts the energy flow which all living organisms need to survive. The 2 steps in order are light- dependent reaction and the Calvin cycle. It does these stages by first the light energy comes into the cell and the energy moves into the chloroplast and then the chloroplast turns it into chemical energy with the help of stroma and thylakiod.

The reactant of cellular respiration is C6H12O6+6O2 and the products are 6CO2+6H2O. Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria, which is the only organism it takes place in. The process is important to life for the same reason as photosynthesis, it starts the energy flow which all living organisms need to survive. The steps are glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm, which is the breakdown or splitting of glucose (6 carbons) into two 3-carbon molecules called pyruvic acid. Glycolysis is known as a way of producing ATP. Next the krebs cycle, which is when a 6 carbon molecule turns into a 5-carbon compound which turns into a 4-carbon compound when another carbon dioxide molecule is removed and 3 hydrogen molecules are removed to produce some ATP. Finally the electron transport chain, which is where most of the ATP is made. Electrons from Hydrogen are carried by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and passed down an electron transport chain to result in the production of ATP.  Humans are creating an imbalanced in the ecosystem by putting all of the pollution in the air. This would affect photosynthesis and cellular respiration by not giving the plants a light energy and this would not let both of the processes be able to have enough energy to start all the steps it needs to go through.

Annel Diaz 10/21/09 C.p Bio Photosynthesis vs. cellular respiration Photosynthesis and Cell respiration both happen in the cells. Photosynthesis occurs in the Chloroplast, while the cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria of a cell. In the photosynthesis equation, the reactants are Carbon Dioxide and water (6CO2+6H2O). The products are glycogen and oxygen (C6H12O6+6O2). Unlike Cellular Respiration, the reactants are glycogen and oxygen, and the products are carbon dioxide and water. The energy flow of photosynthesis is light energy to chemical energy. In contrast, the energy flow for cellular respiration is chemical energy to mechanical energy. Photosynthesis creates energy for the cell. Cellular Respiration takes the energy from the cell. Photosynthesis is the process in which autotrophs change sunlight to a useable form of energy. The organism that this takes place in plants. This is located in and processed in the Chloroplast. The products are glycogen and oxygen, and the reactants are carbon dioxide and water. During photosynthesis, carbon and water enter the cell. The cycle in which this is process is called the Calvin Cycle. There are two stages in the cycle. The first stage is called Light reaction. Light reaction occurs in the cytoplasm. It requires 2 ATP (energy) molecules to start photosynthesis. This stage does not need oxygen. The second stage of photosynthesis is called Lactic Acid Fermentation. The two forms of energy are changed from light energy to chemical energy. In the Chloroplast there are different parts to it, that help with the Calvin Cycle. The Thylakoid is a disked structured that holds photosynthetic pigments. Pigments are molecules that observe different wavelengths. Around the thylakoid is surrounded by a material called Stroma. The light dependent Rxn absorbed in the thylakoids and the H2O is split. The reaction to this whole cycle is that sugar is released (CH2O). This whole photosynthesis process is important to all life because if the plants do not get any energy then they are not able to give of oxygen for the rest of the organisms need. With out plants there would be no energy transfer between the energy flows of the food chain. Cell respiratory is when the energy from photosynthesis is taken for the cell. The products areCo2 and H2O. While the reactants are oxygen and glucose. The location of this process is in mitochondria. Cell respiration takes place in the animals. This process is important to life because it keeps the whole circle of life going. If cell respiration would not occur then the only things living in this world would be autotrophs. There are 3 stages in the processes of cell respiration. The first one is Glycolysis. The location of glycolysis is in the cytoplasm. It needs 2ATP molecules to start cell respiration. The second stage is called The Krebs Cycle. Glucose and Pyruvic acid go into the cycle. This needs so also have 2ATP's. The third cycle is called the Electron Transport Chain (ETC). This cycle needs 32Atp's. With these three cycles you have a Aerobic cellular respiration. Thanks to these three cycles heat energy is given off. The forms of energy are changed from chemical energy to kinetic energy.